| Bandwidth |
The
bandwidth refers to the width of material being laid onto the mandrel
at any given time. This is made up of one or many rovings being pulled,
the total amount of material being laid flat on the mandrel. |
|
Bottle Winds |
These
combine a helical wind section with a geodesic, or near geodesic wind
pattern to generate a stable fiber path over the end domes of the part.
These are typically used for pressure vessels. |
|
| Chain/transition
winds |
The user
can combine various individual winds described above to form multiple
layers of a complex wind. The software will also attempt to generate
stable transitions from one layer to the next. |
|
| Circuit |
In filament
winding this refers to one pass down and back on a mandrel. |
|
| Circumferential
Wind |
A form
of filament winding, the angle is approximately 90 degrees also called
a hoop wind. |
|
| Composite |
1) A
structure or an entity made up of distinct components. 2) A complex
material, such
as fiberglass, in which two or more distinct, structurally complementary
substances, especially glasses and polymers, combine to produce structural
or functional properties not present in any individual component. 3)
Reinforced laminates (i.e. canvas phenolic, glass epoxy, etc.) |
|
| Composite
Designer |
McClean
Anderson offline software is used to generate motion files. |
|
| Cure |
To change
the physical, chemical, or electrical properties of a material by chemical
reaction, by the action of heat and catalysts alone or in combination,
with or without pressure. Specifically to convert a low molecular weight
polymer or resin to an insoluble, infusible state. |
|
| Delamination |
The separation
of a laminate along the plane of it's layers. Also the separation of
bonded insulation within the adhesive layer or at the adhesive interface. |
|
| Extractor |
Is a machine
used to remove a cured composite strucuture from a mandrel. A method of part removal. |
|
| Filament |
Fiber
characterized by extreme length, many filaments bundled together are
called a roving or tow, the number of rovings determine the bandwidth
in filament winding. |
|
| Filament
Winding |
Filament
winding is an automated open molding process that uses a rotating mandrel
as the mold. The male mold configuration produces a finished inner surface
and a laminate surface on the outside diameter of the product. Filament
winding results in a high degree of fiber loading, which provides high
tensile strengths in the manufacture of hollow, generally cylindrical
products such as chemical and fuel storage tanks, pipes, stacks, pressure
vessels, and rocket motor cases. |
|
| Geodesic |
The shortest
distance between two points on a surface. This is the ideal wind path
because on a geodesic path there will be no fiber slipping. |
|
| Geodesic
solenoid |
Constant-stress
level in any given filament at all points on its path. |
|
| Helical
winding |
Winds which
occur at a configurable angle along a cylindrical part. Typically used
for winding all manner of pipes and shafts. |
|
| Motion
files |
This is
a term used in Composite Designer. The user can directly
edit the motion files for each axis. This is primarily used
to perform some post-processing of machine motion (e.g. smoothing out
high-acceleration regions of the wind). The motion can also be edited
to account for irregular shapes in the mandrel (e.g. a protrusion at
a fixed location on the mandrel requiring the motion to be adjusted to
avoid striking the part). |
|
| Non-linear
winds |
These are
the most complex wind patterns, the user defines an arbitrary mandrel
profile and wind angle parameters and the programming software will generate a fiber path which covers the part. |
|
| Flexwind |
This is
the control on the McClean Anderson filament winding machine used to
control the winder and actually run the motion file generated by Composite
Designer. |
|
| Polar
winding |
This is
a term in Composite Designer. A wind in which the filaments pass tangent
to the polar opening at one end
of the chamber and tangent to the opposite side of the polar opening
at the other end. This is very close to a zero degree wind. |
|
| Potlife |
The length
of time a catalyzed resin system retains viscosity low enough to be used
in processing; also called working life |
|
| Prepreg |
Ready-to-mold
material in sheet form, which may be cloth, mat or paper impregnated
with resin and stored for use. The resin is partially cured to a B-stage
and supplied to the fabricator, who lays up the finished shape and completes
the cure with heat and pressure. |
|
Process
Prescription |
Continuous
strand roving is fed through a resin bath and wound onto a rotating mandrel.
The roving feed runs on a trolley that traverses the length of the mandrel.
The filament is laid down in a predetermined geometric pattern to provide
maximum strength in the directions required. When sufficient layers have
been applied, the laminate is cured on the mandrel. The molded part is
then stripped from the mandrel. Equipment is available for filament winding
on a continuous basis and two axis winding for pressure cylinders. Filament
winding can be combined with the chopping process and is known as the
hoop chop process. |
|
| Roving |
A collection
of bundles of continuous filaments either as untwisted strands or twisted
yarns. Rovings may be lightly twisted, but for filament winding they
are generally wound as bands or tapes with as little twist as possible. |
|
| S-2
glass |
S-glass
and S-2 glass fibers have the same glass composition but different finishes
(coatings). S-glass is made to more demanding specifications, and S-2
glass is considered the commercial grade |
|
| S-glass |
A magnesia-alumina-silicate
glass especially designed to provide filaments with very high tensile
strength. |
|
| TEX |
TEX is
a metric term used to classify glass, it refers to grams per 1000m of material. |
|
| Towpreg |
A prepreg
fabricated from tow which can be converted to woven and braided fabric.
These fabric structures are more flexible than the
prepreg tape and can be used for three-dimensional lay-ups. Rollers are usually
used to filament wind with towpreg to prevent damage to the material. |
|
| Yield |
Yield is
a term used to classify glass, it refers to nominal yards of material
per pound. |
|
| Zero-degree
winds |
These are
specialty winds for generating zero-angle winds which run the length
of cylinders (generally combined with the use of specialized mandrels
to catch the fiber at the ends of the part and prevent slippage). |
