| Bandwidth |
The
bandwidth refers to the width of material being laid onto the mandrel
at any given time. This is made up of one or many rovings being
pulled, the total amount of material being laid flat on the mandrel. |
|
| Bottle
Winds |
These
combine a helical wind section with a geodesic, or near geodesic
wind pattern to generate a stable fiber path over the end domes
of the part. These are typically used for pressure vessels. |
|
| Chain/transition
winds |
The
user can combine various individual winds described above to form
multiple layers of a complex wind. The software will also attempt
to generate stable transitions from one layer to the next. |
|
| Circuit |
In
filament winding this refers to one pass down and back on a mandrel. |
|
| Circumferential
Wind |
A
form of filament winding, the angle is approximately 90 degrees
also called a hoop wind. |
|
| Composite |
1)
A structure or an entity made up of distinct components. 2) A complex
material, such as fiberglass, in which two or more distinct, structurally
complementary substances, especially glasses and polymers, combine
to produce structural or functional properties not present in any
individual component. 3) Reinforced laminates (i.e. canvas phenolic,
glass epoxy, etc.) |
|
| Composite
Designer |
McClean
Anderson pattern development software used to generate motion files
for running the filament winder. |
|
| Cure |
To
change the physical, chemical, or electrical properties of a material
by chemical reaction, by the action of heat and catalysts alone
or in combination, with or without pressure. Specifically to convert
a low molecular weight polymer or resin to and insoluble, infusible
state. |
|
| Delamination |
The
separation of a laminate along the plane of it's layers. Also the
separation of bonded insulation within the adhesive layer or at
the adhesive interface. |
|
| Extractor |
A
machine used to pull the mandrel through a small hole stripping
the part which was wet-wound onto the mandrel off. A method of
part removal. |
|
| Filament |
Fiber
characterized by extreme length, many filaments bundled together
are called a roving or tow, the number of rovings determine the
bandwidth in filament winding. |
|
| Filament
Winding |
Filament
winding is an automated open molding process that uses a rotating
mandrel as the mold. The male mold configuration produces a finished
inner surface and a laminate surface on the outside diameter of
the product. Filament winding results in a high degree of fiber
loading, which provides high tensile strengths in the manufacture
of hollow, generally cylindrical products such as chemical and
fuel storage tanks, pipes, stacks, pressure vessels, and rocket
motor cases. |
|
| Flexwind |
McClean
Anderson pattern development software used to generate motion files
for running the filament winder. |
|
| Geodesic |
The
shortest distance between two points on a surface. This is the
ideal wind path becuase on a geodesic path there will be no fiber
slipping. |
|
| Geodesic
isotensoid |
Constant-stress
level in any given filament at all points on its path. |
|
| Helical
winding |
Winds
which occur at a configurable angle along a cylindrical part. Typically
used for winding all manner of pipes and shafts. |
|
| Motion
files |
This
is a term used in Composite Designer and Omniwind. The user can
directly edit the motion files for each axis. This is primarily
used to perform some post-processing of machine motion(e.g. smoothing
out high-acceleration regions of the wind). The motion can also
be edited to account for irregular shapes in the mandrel (e.g.
a protrusion at a fixed location on the mandrel requiring the motion
to be adjusted to avoid striking the part). Actual part generation
of any complexity by human calculations is quite difficult and
extremely tedious. |
|
| Non-linear
winds |
These
are the most complex wind patterns, the user can define an arbitrary
mandrel profile and wind angle parameters and composite designer
will attempt to generate a fiber path which covers the part and
then generate motion to generate the fiber path. |
|
| Omniwind |
This
is the control on the McClean Anderson filament winding machine
used to control the winder and actually run the motion file generated
by Composite Designer. |
|
| Plastic |
A
material that contains as an essential ingredient an organic substance
of high molecular weight, is sold in its finished state, and at
some stage in its manufacture or processing into finished articles
can be shaped by flow; made of plastic. |
|
| Polar
winding |
This
is a term in Composite Designer. A wind in which the filaments
pass tangent to the polar opening at one end of the chamber and
tangent to the opposite side of the polar opening at the other
end. This is very close to a zero degree wind. |
|
| Potlife |
The
length of time a catalyzed resin system retains viscosity low enough
to be used in processing; also called working life |
|
| Prepreg |
Ready-to-mold
material in sheet form, which may be cloth, mat or paper impregnated
with resin and stored for use. The resin is partially cured to
a B-stage and supplied to the fabricator, who lays up the finished
shape and completes the cure with heat and pressure. |
|
| Process
Description |
Continuous
strand roving is fed through a resin bath and wound onto a rotating
mandrel. The roving feed runs on a trolley that traverses the length
of the mandrel. The filament is laid down in a predetermined geometric
pattern to provide maximum strength in the directions required.
When sufficient layers have been applied, the laminate is cured
on the mandrel. The molded part is then stripped from the mandrel.
Equipment is available for filament winding on a continuous basis
and two axis winding for pressure cylinders. Filament winding can
be combined with the chopping process and is known as the hoop
chop process. |
|
| Roving |
A
collection of bundles of continuous filaments either as untwisted
strands or twisted yarns. Rovings may be lightly twisted, but for
filament winding they are generally wound as bands or tapes with
as little twist as possible. |
|
| S-2
glass |
S-glass
and S-2 glass fibers have the same glass composition but different
finishes (coatings). S-glass is made to more demanding specifications,
and S-2 glass is considered the commercial grade |
|
| S-glass |
A
magnesia-alumina-silicate glass especially designed to provide
filaments with very high tensile strength. |
|
| TEX |
TEX
is a metric term used to class glass, it refers to grams per 1000m
of material. |
|
| Towpreg |
A
prepreg fabricated from tow which can be converted to woven and
braided fabric. These fabric structures are more flexible than
the prepreg tape and can be used for three-dimensional lay-ups.
Rollers are usually used to filament wind with towpreg to prevent
damage to the material. |
|
| Yield |
Yield
is a english term used to class glass, it refers to nominal yards
of material per pound . |
|
| Zero-degree
winds |
These
are specialty winds for generating zero-angle winds which run the
length of cylinders (generally combined with the use of specialized
mandrels to catch the fiber at the ends of the part and prevent
slippage). |
